Secondary Instruments, Deflecting Torque, Controlling Torque, Damping Torque ::- Measurement ~ SharmaGS

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This Notes consist of the following Topics in a very simplified and detailed way, along with many numericals:

1. Secondary Instruments
a) Indicating type Instruments
b) Measuring type Instruments
c) Integrating Instruments
2. Essential components in Instruments
a) Deflecting Torque
b) Controlling Torque
c) Damping Torque
3. Ways to obtain Deflecting Torques
a) Magnetic Field Effect
b) Electric Field Effect
c) Electromagnetic Field of attraction or repulsion
d) Electromagnetic Induction Effect
e) Heating Effect or Thermal Effect
f) Chemical Effect
g) Hall Effect
h)Piezo Electric Effect
4. Reading of Rectifier Type Instrument
5. Controlling Torque
a) Spring Control Technique
b) Gravity Control Technique
6. Damping Torque
a) Air Friction
b) Fluid Friction
c) Eddy Current\
d) Electromagnetic
7. Mechanism of Producing Deflecting torque